23考研题源外刊阅读《外刊阅读》双语精读版训练_考研数学张宇个人简历
23考研题源外刊阅读《外刊阅读》双语精读版训练_考研数学张宇个人简历
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上期翻译答案
“With remote work it is far easier to feel less involved, less part of a team, and it’s easier for managers to break up with employees and vice versa,” he said.
“远程工作容易让人感觉参与感更低，更没有团队归属感，管理者更容易与员工决裂，反之亦然，”他说。
《本期内容》
双语阅读
Women hold just 29% of the 335,412 jobs in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) in the US federal government, according to a report published by the US Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC). The report is based on data from 2019. The gender disparity is even greater insupervisoryand leadership roles, in which women occupy just 26% of positions.
根据美国平等就业机会委员会发布的一份报告，在美国联邦政府科学、技术、工程和数学领域共计335,412个岗位中，女性只占29%。报告基于2019年的数据。在管理和领导岗位上，性别差异更大，女性仅占这类岗位的26%。
The under-representation of women among leaders has contributed to a gender-based pay gap. On average, women in federal research jobs earned just over US$84,600 per year — about $4,300 less than men earned. Men averaged higher salaries than did women in science, engineering and maths. In technology, women out-earned men by about $2,000 (just under $86,600 annually, compared with men’s pay of just under $84,600), partly because the relatively few women in thatfieldhold a disproportionate number of senior positions.
女性在领导层中的代表性不足，导致了由于性别产生的薪酬差距。平均而言，在联邦研究岗位中的女性平均每年的收入为84,600美元多一点——约比男性少赚4,300美元。在科学、工程和数学领域，男性的平均工资高于女性。翻译划线句，长按文末小程序码打卡，答案下期公布~
Although substantial, the gender pay gap in federal STEM positions is markedly smaller than in other sectors in the United States. The US National Science Foundation’s annual Survey of Earned Doctorates tracked 55,283 researchers who received a PhD during the 2020 academic year; those who had specific employment plans (that did not include postdoctoral study) for the following year reported a gender pay gap of about $25,000. Men reported an average expected salary of $100,000, whereas women reported $75,000.
虽然差异的绝对数巨大，但联邦科学、技术、工程和数学岗位的性别薪酬差距明显小于美国其他部门。美国国家科学基金会的年度“博士学位调查”跟进了55283名在2020学年期间获得博士学位的研究人员；对下一年有明确就业计划（不包括博士后研究）的人表示存在大约25000美元的性别薪酬差距。男性表示预期的工资平均为100,000美元，而女性则为75,000美元。
Overall, the US government has been more successful than other sectors at promotingwageparity, but there is clearly more work to be done, says Mary Theofanos, a computer scientist at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), a division of the US Department of Commerce based in Gaithersburg, Maryland.
美国国家标准与技术研究所（总部位于马里兰州盖瑟斯堡，隶属于美国商务部）的计算机科学家玛丽·泰奥法诺斯表示，总体而言，美国政府在促进工资平等方面比其他地区都更成功，但显然还有很多工作要做。
Theofanos is a co-author of a 2021 report that examined potential bias in salaries of scientists at NIST. Even after controlling for job titles, that study found that male scientists and engineers, on average, enjoyed a roughly $1,000 annual pay advantage. “We were careful to make anapples-to-applescomparison,” Theofanos says.
泰奥法诺斯是一份2021年报告的合著者，这份报告该报告分析了任职于美国国家标准与技术研究所的科学家在薪酬方面存在的潜在失衡。即使在对职位头衔这一变量进行控制后，研究发现，男性科学家和工程师的平均年薪也比女性多1,000美元左右。泰奥法诺斯说:“我们谨慎地进行了同类比较。”
本文节选自：Nature（自然）
发布时间：2022.09.01
作者：Chris Woolston
原文标题：Men outnumber women by more than 2 to 1 in US federal science jobs
词汇积累
1.supervisory
/suːpəˈvaɪzərɪ/
adj.监督的
2.field
/fiːld/
v. 使参加竞选，使参加比赛; 处理，回应(电话或请求等); 接(球)，守(球); 部署(军队)
n. 田地，田野; 专业，领域; (尤指为比赛或体育运动划出的)场地; 现场，实地
adj. 实地的，野外的; (军事装备)轻便机动的，战役用的; (比赛)田赛的
3.wage
/weɪdʒ/
n. 工资，报酬; (经济)工资总额
v. 进行，发动(战争，运动)
词组搭配
1.apples-to- apples 同类的
写作句总结
Overall, the US government has been more successful than other sectors at promoting wage parity, but there is clearly more work to be done.
结构: Overall, the US government has been more successful than other sectors at …, but there is clearly more work to be done.
总体而言，美国政府在…方面比其他地区都更成功，但显然还有很多工作要做
例句: Overall, the US government has been more successful than other sectors at upgrading chip, but there is clearly more work to be done.
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（戳码回复“高数”）
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23考研题源外刊阅读《外刊阅读》双语精读版训练_考研数学张宇个人简历